4 Proofs of the Existence of God

Here are four prominent philosophical arguments:

1. Cosmological Argument (First Cause): Everything that begins to exist has a cause, and the universe began to exist; therefore, the universe must have a First Cause, which is God (Unmoved Mover/Efficient Cause).

2. Teleological Argument (Design): The intricate order, beauty, and purposeful design in the universe (like biological systems or cosmic laws) suggest an intelligent designer, much like a watch implies a watchmaker (Paley’s Watchmaker).

3. Ontological Argument (Necessary Being): God is defined as the greatest conceivable being; a being that exists necessarily (is not contingent) is greater than one that doesn’t; therefore, God must exist.

4. Moral Argument: The existence of objective moral laws and duties points to a transcendent, divine lawgiver as the source of these universal ethical standards, as suggested by philosophers like Kant.